選用適當的(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)劑對超聲(sheng)波清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)效(xiao)果影響較(jiao)大。超聲(sheng)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)的(de)作用機(ji)制主要是空化作用,除物(wu)質的(de)主要成分、油垢或(huo)機(ji)體自(zi)身的(de)機(ji)械雜質外(wai),選擇的(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液必須考慮到清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液的(de)粘度和表面(mian)張力,才能(neng)起到空化作用。超聲(sheng)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)對清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)質量的(de)要求很(hen)高,經(jing)常使(shi)用幾種不同的(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液在不同的(de)槽(cao)中或(huo)依(yi)次進行,每(mei)一種清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液的(de)作用都不一樣(yang)。舉例(li)來說,三(san)氯乙(yi)烯(xi)、氫氧化鈉水溶液、合成洗(xi)(xi)滌劑、水、酒精先后用來清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)光學元件,丙酮及1*混合清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液,用來清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)半導體設備,用2*的(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液和去離(li)子(zi)水,經(jing)過(guo)多(duo)次清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi),零件表面(mian)達到預(yu)期效(xiao)果。
最常(chang)見(jian)的(de)方(fang)式(shi)就是將超聲波清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)浸(jin)入(ru)槽(cao)內(nei),在(zai)含(han)有清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye)的(de)超聲波清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)槽(cao)內(nei),由超聲波換(huan)(huan)能器(qi)產(chan)生的(de)超聲波振動(dong)由清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)槽(cao)底部輻射到清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye)中。尤其適用(yong)(yong)于(yu)中小型零(ling)件(jian)。對(dui)大小、重量較(jiao)大的(de)零(ling)件(jian),可采(cai)用(yong)(yong)局(ju)部清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)方(fang)法,即將零(ling)件(jian)浸(jin)入(ru)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye)中清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),未清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)部分浸(jin)在(zai)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye)中,直(zhi)至完全清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。另外一(yi)種(zhong)方(fang)法是根據大尺寸(cun)零(ling)件(jian)形(xing)狀及局(ju)部清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)需要(yao),設計(ji)特(te)殊形(xing)狀的(de)超聲換(huan)(huan)能器(qi),實現局(ju)部清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。對(dui)具有嚴格清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)要(yao)求的(de)零(ling)件(jian),在(zai)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)槽(cao)內(nei)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)多種(zhong)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye)進行(xing)超聲波清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。另外,還可以(yi)使用(yong)(yong)其他的(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)方(fang)法,例如加(jia)熱浸(jin)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),超聲波清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)等。對(dui)含(han)有特(te)厚油脂的(de)零(ling)件(jian),一(yi)般先用(yong)(yong)熱浸(jin)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)或高溫噴(pen)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),再用(yong)(yong)超聲波清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。對(dui)某些零(ling)件(jian)形(xing)狀過(guo)于(yu)復雜,如孔(kong)、孔(kong)角不(bu)一(yi)致等,可采(cai)用(yong)(yong)一(yi)次(ci)多次(ci)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),即在(zai)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)超聲頻率下清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。
清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液的(de)(de)超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)振(zhen)動(dong)頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)對超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)效果有很大(da)的(de)(de)影響,這是因為它(ta)對空化(hua)的(de)(de)影響很大(da)。通常用在20kHz左右。約20kHz時容易產生氣穴,清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)效果明顯。但是對表面要求(qiu)高(gao)、孔徑或縫隙小的(de)(de)產品,宜使(shi)用短波(bo)(bo)、能量集中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)高(gao)頻(pin)(pin)超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi),有時頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)可(ke)達800KHz。但高(gao)頻(pin)(pin)超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)振(zhen)動(dong)在清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液中(zhong)(zhong)衰減大(da),作用距離短,空化(hua)強度小,清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)效率(lv)低。另外,由(you)于高(gao)頻(pin)(pin)指(zhi)(zhi)向性(xing)引起的(de)(de)“陰影”區(qu)域,部分(fen)部件不能清(qing)(qing)潔。采用無(wu)頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)跟蹤超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)裝置(zhi)時,需要對發生器頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)進行調節,使(shi)其輸出信(xin)號的(de)(de)頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)與傳(chuan)感器的(de)(de)固有振(zhen)動(dong)頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)一致。這時,空泡效應最強。清(qing)(qing)潔液中(zhong)(zhong)可(ke)見大(da)量積聚的(de)(de)白色(se)物(wu)質。手指(zhi)(zhi)頭像(xiang)一根針一樣(yang)。
高功率(lv)密度(du)(du)(du)的超(chao)聲清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)是提高超(chao)聲清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)效(xiao)率(lv)的有效(xiao)途徑。然(ran)而,功率(lv)密度(du)(du)(du)過(guo)高會由于氣蝕(shi)過(guo)強而對工件(jian)(jian)表面造成(cheng)侵蝕(shi)(即(ji)氣蝕(shi)腐蝕(shi)),對工件(jian)(jian)造成(cheng)損害(hai),尤其(qi)是對于有各種涂層的工件(jian)(jian)或鋁及鋁合金工件(jian)(jian)。能(neng)量密度(du)(du)(du)過(guo)大(da)也不會產生飽和效(xiao)應。對油污嚴(yan)重、形(xing)狀(zhuang)復雜、深孔(kong)盲孔(kong)的零件(jian)(jian),清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)槽(cao)要深、清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液(ye)粘度(du)(du)(du)大(da)、功率(lv)密度(du)(du)(du)大(da)。高頻率(lv)超(chao)聲清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)功率(lv)密度(du)(du)(du)也很大(da)。能(neng)量密度(du)(du)(du)可(ke)在用(yong)水(shui)或酒精清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)或漂洗(xi)(xi)時(shi)降低(di)。
由(you)于清洗(xi)(xi)液的(de)空化程度與溫(wen)(wen)度有關,溫(wen)(wen)度的(de)升(sheng)高有利(li)于汽(qi)蝕,但(dan)蒸氣壓力也相應增大。溫(wen)(wen)度過高會使氣穴減少。所以必(bi)須保持一定(ding)的(de)溫(wen)(wen)度范圍。例如水溶劑(ji)清洗(xi)(xi)液一般在45℃左右,三氯乙烯清洗(xi)(xi)液約75℃,水約60℃。對揮發性和易燃的(de)清洗(xi)(xi)液,溫(wen)(wen)度不宜過高。
超(chao)聲清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)的效果和質量(liang)取決于超(chao)聲清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)的時間(jian)。對于清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)質量(liang)的要(yao)求(qiu),時間(jian)過短。但是,零(ling)(ling)件(jian)表面氣蝕腐蝕嚴重,從而影響零(ling)(ling)件(jian)的質量(liang),延長(chang)使用壽命,不(bu)(bu)僅降低生產效率(lv)。油污染(ran)嚴重,形狀復雜的零(ling)(ling)件(jian),清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)時間(jian)要(yao)長(chang)。不(bu)(bu)同涂層的鋁(lv)及鋁(lv)合金(jin)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)的清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)時間(jian)不(bu)(bu)宜(yi)過長(chang)。一般說來,表面光潔(jie)度(du)高的零(ling)(ling)件(jian)的油污較少(shao),清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)時間(jian)不(bu)(bu)宜(yi)過長(chang)。特定的清(qing)(qing)(qing)潔(jie)時間(jian)要(yao)通(tong)過實(shi)驗確定。
為改善清(qing)洗效果,并確保(bao)超聲波(bo)清(qing)洗裝置(zhi)的(de)(de)正常使(shi)用,部(bu)件在(zai)(zai)清(qing)洗槽(cao)(cao)中的(de)(de)位置(zhi)應引起(qi)重視。開始,要避免(mian)在(zai)(zai)超聲振(zhen)動(dong)輻射面(mian)直接(jie)擠壓零(ling)件,使(shi)輻射面(mian)無(wu)法產生預期的(de)(de)振(zhen)動(dong),導致清(qing)洗裝置(zhi)無(wu)法正常工作(zuo)。對(dui)(dui)較重的(de)(de)部(bu)件尤(you)其重要。部(bu)件由專用工具吊在(zai)(zai)清(qing)洗槽(cao)(cao)內,并盡(jin)可能接(jie)近表面(mian)。第二,關鍵(jian)的(de)(de)清(qing)洗部(bu)位必須對(dui)(dui)準超聲波(bo)源。三是要考慮清(qing)潔后污(wu)物(wu)能夠順利排放。第四,使(shi)清(qing)洗液在(zai)(zai)清(qing)洗槽(cao)(cao)內的(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)流。使(shi)用循(xun)環(huan)連續補充(chong)清(qing)洗液的(de)(de)方法時,進液速度不宜過快(kuai),否則(ze)由于補充(chong)的(de)(de)清(qing)洗液中氣體較多(duo),氣穴就(jiu)會減弱。
在盲孔清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)時(shi),應先在盲孔內注(zhu)入清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)液,然后將盲孔對準超聲源。清(qing)(qing)(qing)潔時(shi),要始(shi)終將清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)液注(zhu)入孔內,以達到(dao)顯著(zhu)的效(xiao)果(guo)。
超音波清(qing)洗槽應(ying)避免撞擊及快速冷卻(que)加熱(re),以免損壞(huai)與傳(chuan)感(gan)器的連接。對某些零件進(jin)行(xing)超聲(sheng)清(qing)洗時,應(ying)進(jin)行(xing)消(xiao)磁處理,否(fou)則(ze)殘余鐵屑不易清(qing)除。
超(chao)聲清(qing)洗(xi)質量檢查主要是檢查被清(qing)潔零件(jian)表面的(de)污垢殘留。
廣東固特超聲(sheng)股份有限(xian)公(gong)司現已(yi)成為集超聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)應用(yong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)研究、超聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)機設備(bei)研發、生產、銷(xiao)售和技(ji)(ji)術(shu)服務于一體的(de)國(guo)家(jia)高(gao)新技(ji)(ji)術(shu)企業(ye)。公司(si)在(zai)超聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)行(xing)業(ye)中占(zhan)有一定的(de)地位,作為業(ye)界公認的(de)超聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)解決方案(an)專(zhuan)家(jia),固特(te)超聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)于2015年率(lv)先在(zai)新三(san)板掛牌上市(shi)。是擁有專(zhuan)業(ye)研發團隊的(de)超聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)機廠家(jia),率(lv)先提出健(jian)康家(jia)用(yong)超聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)機品類并開發了百款產品,是商用(yong)超聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)機、工業(ye)超聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)機、超聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)環保設備(bei)尤(you)其是超聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)除(chu)垢設備(bei)領域行(xing)業(ye)翹楚,擅長產業(ye)資(zi)本和金融資(zi)本的(de)對接,致力于成為超聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)綜合服務領軍企業(ye)。