選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)適當的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)劑(ji)(ji)對(dui)超聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)效果影響較大(da)。超聲(sheng)(sheng)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)制主要是空化作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong),除物質(zhi)的(de)(de)主要成(cheng)分、油垢或機(ji)體自身(shen)的(de)(de)機(ji)械雜質(zhi)外,選(xuan)擇的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)必須(xu)考(kao)慮到(dao)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)的(de)(de)粘度和表面張(zhang)力,才(cai)能起到(dao)空化作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。超聲(sheng)(sheng)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)對(dui)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)質(zhi)量(liang)的(de)(de)要求很高,經(jing)常使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)幾(ji)種不同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)在不同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)槽中或依次(ci)進行,每一種清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)的(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)都(dou)不一樣。舉例來說,三(san)氯乙烯、氫氧化鈉水溶液(ye)、合(he)成(cheng)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)滌劑(ji)(ji)、水、酒精先后用(yong)(yong)(yong)來清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)光(guang)學(xue)元件,丙酮及1*混(hun)合(he)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye),用(yong)(yong)(yong)來清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)半導體設備(bei),用(yong)(yong)(yong)2*的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)和去(qu)離子水,經(jing)過多次(ci)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi),零件表面達到(dao)預(yu)期效果。
最常見的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式就是(shi)將(jiang)超(chao)(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)波清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)浸入槽內,在(zai)含有(you)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)超(chao)(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)波清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)槽內,由超(chao)(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)波換能(neng)器產(chan)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)超(chao)(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)波振動(dong)由清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)槽底部(bu)輻射(she)到清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)中。尤其(qi)適用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于中小(xiao)型零件(jian)(jian)(jian)。對大小(xiao)、重量(liang)較大的(de)(de)(de)(de)零件(jian)(jian)(jian),可(ke)(ke)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)局部(bu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa),即(ji)將(jiang)零件(jian)(jian)(jian)浸入清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)中清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),未清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)部(bu)分浸在(zai)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)中,直至完全清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。另外一(yi)種方(fang)法(fa)是(shi)根據大尺寸零件(jian)(jian)(jian)形狀(zhuang)(zhuang)及局部(bu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)需要,設計特(te)殊形狀(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)超(chao)(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)換能(neng)器,實(shi)現局部(bu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。對具有(you)嚴格(ge)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)要求的(de)(de)(de)(de)零件(jian)(jian)(jian),在(zai)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)槽內采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)多種不(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)進(jin)行超(chao)(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)波清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。另外,還(huan)可(ke)(ke)以使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)其(qi)他(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)方(fang)法(fa),例如(ru)加熱(re)浸洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),超(chao)(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)波清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)等。對含有(you)特(te)厚油(you)脂(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)零件(jian)(jian)(jian),一(yi)般先用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)熱(re)浸洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)或高溫噴洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),再(zai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)超(chao)(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)波清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。對某(mou)些零件(jian)(jian)(jian)形狀(zhuang)(zhuang)過于復雜(za),如(ru)孔、孔角不(bu)(bu)一(yi)致等,可(ke)(ke)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)次多次清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),即(ji)在(zai)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)超(chao)(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)頻率(lv)下清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。
清(qing)(qing)洗液的(de)超(chao)聲振動(dong)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率(lv)對(dui)超(chao)聲清(qing)(qing)洗效(xiao)果有(you)很大的(de)影響,這是因為它對(dui)空(kong)化的(de)影響很大。通常(chang)用在20kHz左右。約20kHz時容易產生氣穴,清(qing)(qing)洗效(xiao)果明顯(xian)。但是對(dui)表面(mian)要(yao)求高(gao)(gao)、孔徑或縫隙小的(de)產品,宜使用短波、能量(liang)(liang)集中的(de)高(gao)(gao)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)超(chao)聲波清(qing)(qing)洗,有(you)時頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率(lv)可達800KHz。但高(gao)(gao)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)超(chao)聲振動(dong)在清(qing)(qing)洗液中衰減大,作用距(ju)離(li)短,空(kong)化強度(du)小,清(qing)(qing)洗效(xiao)率(lv)低。另外,由于(yu)高(gao)(gao)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)指向性引(yin)起的(de)“陰影”區域,部(bu)分部(bu)件不能清(qing)(qing)潔(jie)。采用無頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率(lv)跟蹤(zong)超(chao)聲清(qing)(qing)洗裝置時,需要(yao)對(dui)發生器頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率(lv)進行調節(jie),使其(qi)輸出信(xin)號(hao)的(de)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率(lv)與傳感器的(de)固(gu)有(you)振動(dong)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率(lv)一致。這時,空(kong)泡效(xiao)應最強。清(qing)(qing)潔(jie)液中可見(jian)大量(liang)(liang)積聚的(de)白(bai)色物質。手指頭像一根針一樣(yang)。
高功率(lv)密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)超(chao)聲(sheng)清(qing)(qing)洗是提高超(chao)聲(sheng)清(qing)(qing)洗效率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)效途(tu)徑。然(ran)而,功率(lv)密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)過(guo)高會由于氣蝕(shi)過(guo)強而對(dui)工(gong)件(jian)表(biao)面(mian)造成(cheng)侵蝕(shi)(即氣蝕(shi)腐蝕(shi)),對(dui)工(gong)件(jian)造成(cheng)損害,尤(you)其是對(dui)于有(you)各種涂層的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)件(jian)或鋁及鋁合金(jin)工(gong)件(jian)。能量(liang)密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)過(guo)大(da)也(ye)不(bu)會產(chan)生飽和效應(ying)。對(dui)油污嚴重、形(xing)狀(zhuang)復雜、深(shen)孔盲孔的(de)(de)(de)零件(jian),清(qing)(qing)洗槽要深(shen)、清(qing)(qing)洗液(ye)粘度(du)(du)大(da)、功率(lv)密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)大(da)。高頻率(lv)超(chao)聲(sheng)清(qing)(qing)洗功率(lv)密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)也(ye)很大(da)。能量(liang)密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)可在用水或酒精清(qing)(qing)洗或漂洗時(shi)降低。
由于清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液的空化程度(du)與溫度(du)有關,溫度(du)的升高(gao)(gao)有利于汽蝕(shi),但蒸氣壓力也(ye)相應增大。溫度(du)過(guo)高(gao)(gao)會使氣穴減少。所以必須保持一(yi)定(ding)的溫度(du)范圍(wei)。例如水溶劑(ji)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液一(yi)般在45℃左右,三氯(lv)乙(yi)烯清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液約75℃,水約60℃。對揮發性和易燃的清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液,溫度(du)不宜過(guo)高(gao)(gao)。
超聲清(qing)洗(xi)的(de)效果(guo)和質量取決于超聲清(qing)洗(xi)的(de)時(shi)間。對于清(qing)洗(xi)質量的(de)要(yao)求,時(shi)間過(guo)短。但是,零(ling)(ling)(ling)件表面(mian)氣蝕腐(fu)蝕嚴重,從(cong)而(er)影響零(ling)(ling)(ling)件的(de)質量,延(yan)長(chang)使用壽命(ming),不(bu)(bu)僅(jin)降低生產效率。油污染(ran)嚴重,形狀(zhuang)復雜的(de)零(ling)(ling)(ling)件,清(qing)洗(xi)時(shi)間要(yao)長(chang)。不(bu)(bu)同(tong)涂層的(de)鋁(lv)及鋁(lv)合金零(ling)(ling)(ling)件的(de)清(qing)洗(xi)時(shi)間不(bu)(bu)宜過(guo)長(chang)。一般說來,表面(mian)光潔(jie)度(du)高的(de)零(ling)(ling)(ling)件的(de)油污較少(shao),清(qing)洗(xi)時(shi)間不(bu)(bu)宜過(guo)長(chang)。特(te)定的(de)清(qing)潔(jie)時(shi)間要(yao)通過(guo)實驗(yan)確(que)定。
為(wei)改善清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗效果(guo),并(bing)確保超聲波(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗裝置(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)常使(shi)(shi)用(yong),部(bu)(bu)件在清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗槽中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)位置(zhi)應引起重(zhong)(zhong)視。開始(shi),要避免(mian)在超聲振動(dong)輻射(she)面(mian)(mian)直接擠壓零件,使(shi)(shi)輻射(she)面(mian)(mian)無(wu)法(fa)產生預(yu)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)振動(dong),導致清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗裝置(zhi)無(wu)法(fa)正(zheng)常工(gong)作。對(dui)較重(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)件尤其重(zhong)(zhong)要。部(bu)(bu)件由專用(yong)工(gong)具吊在清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗槽內,并(bing)盡可能接近(jin)表面(mian)(mian)。第二,關(guan)鍵的(de)(de)(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗部(bu)(bu)位必須對(dui)準超聲波(bo)源。三是要考慮清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)潔后污物能夠順(shun)利排放。第四,使(shi)(shi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗液(ye)在清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗槽內的(de)(de)(de)(de)對(dui)流(liu)。使(shi)(shi)用(yong)循環連續(xu)補充清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗液(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)時,進(jin)液(ye)速(su)度不宜過(guo)快,否則(ze)由于補充的(de)(de)(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗液(ye)中(zhong)氣體較多,氣穴就(jiu)會減弱。
在(zai)盲(mang)孔清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)時(shi),應先在(zai)盲(mang)孔內(nei)(nei)注(zhu)入清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)液,然(ran)后將(jiang)盲(mang)孔對準超聲源。清(qing)(qing)潔時(shi),要始終將(jiang)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)液注(zhu)入孔內(nei)(nei),以達到(dao)顯著的(de)效(xiao)果。
超音波(bo)清(qing)(qing)洗槽應避(bi)免(mian)撞(zhuang)擊及快速(su)冷(leng)卻加熱,以(yi)免(mian)損壞與傳感(gan)器的連接(jie)。對某些(xie)零(ling)件進行超聲(sheng)清(qing)(qing)洗時(shi),應進行消磁處理,否則殘余鐵(tie)屑(xie)不易(yi)清(qing)(qing)除。
超聲(sheng)清洗質量(liang)檢查(cha)主要是檢查(cha)被清潔零(ling)件表面的(de)污垢殘留。
廣東固特超(chao)聲股份有(you)限(xian)公(gong)司現已成(cheng)為(wei)集超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波應用技(ji)術(shu)研究(jiu)、超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波清洗(xi)(xi)機(ji)設(she)備研發、生產(chan)、銷售和(he)技(ji)術(shu)服(fu)務于(yu)(yu)一體的(de)國(guo)家(jia)高新技(ji)術(shu)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)。公司在(zai)超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波行業(ye)(ye)(ye)中占(zhan)有(you)一定的(de)地(di)位,作為(wei)業(ye)(ye)(ye)界公認的(de)超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波清洗(xi)(xi)技(ji)術(shu)解(jie)決方案專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia),固特超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)(yu)2015年(nian)率先(xian)在(zai)新三板(ban)掛牌上市。是(shi)擁(yong)有(you)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)研發團隊的(de)超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波清洗(xi)(xi)機(ji)廠家(jia),率先(xian)提出健康家(jia)用超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波清洗(xi)(xi)機(ji)品類并開發了百款產(chan)品,是(shi)商用超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波清洗(xi)(xi)機(ji)、工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波清洗(xi)(xi)機(ji)、超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)環保設(she)備尤其是(shi)超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)除(chu)垢(gou)設(she)備領域(yu)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)翹楚,擅長產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)資本和(he)金融資本的(de)對接,致力于(yu)(yu)成(cheng)為(wei)超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)清洗(xi)(xi)綜合服(fu)務領軍(jun)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)。