選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)適當(dang)的(de)(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)劑對超(chao)聲波(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)效果影響較(jiao)大。超(chao)聲清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)機制主要(yao)是(shi)空化(hua)作用(yong)(yong),除(chu)物質的(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)成分(fen)、油垢或機體(ti)自身的(de)(de)(de)機械(xie)雜質外,選(xuan)擇的(de)(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye)必(bi)須考(kao)慮到清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)粘度和表面張力(li),才能(neng)起(qi)到空化(hua)作用(yong)(yong)。超(chao)聲清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)對清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)質量的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求很高(gao),經常使用(yong)(yong)幾(ji)種不(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye)在不(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)槽中或依次(ci)進行,每(mei)一種清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)都不(bu)(bu)一樣。舉例(li)來說,三氯(lv)乙烯、氫氧化(hua)鈉水(shui)溶液(ye)(ye)、合成洗(xi)(xi)(xi)滌劑、水(shui)、酒精先后用(yong)(yong)來清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)光學元件(jian),丙酮及1*混合清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye),用(yong)(yong)來清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)半導體(ti)設備,用(yong)(yong)2*的(de)(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye)和去離子水(shui),經過多次(ci)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi),零(ling)件(jian)表面達到預期(qi)效果。
最常(chang)見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式就是(shi)(shi)將超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)浸(jin)入(ru)槽(cao)內,在(zai)(zai)含(han)有清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)的(de)(de)(de)超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)槽(cao)內,由超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)換(huan)能器產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)振(zhen)動由清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)槽(cao)底部(bu)(bu)(bu)輻射(she)到清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)中(zhong)。尤其(qi)(qi)適(shi)用(yong)于中(zhong)小型零(ling)件(jian)。對(dui)(dui)大(da)小、重量較大(da)的(de)(de)(de)零(ling)件(jian),可(ke)(ke)采用(yong)局(ju)部(bu)(bu)(bu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa),即將零(ling)件(jian)浸(jin)入(ru)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)中(zhong)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),未清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分浸(jin)在(zai)(zai)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)中(zhong),直(zhi)至完全(quan)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。另外一(yi)種方(fang)法(fa)是(shi)(shi)根據大(da)尺寸零(ling)件(jian)形狀(zhuang)及局(ju)部(bu)(bu)(bu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)需要,設計特殊形狀(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)換(huan)能器,實現局(ju)部(bu)(bu)(bu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。對(dui)(dui)具有嚴格(ge)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)要求的(de)(de)(de)零(ling)件(jian),在(zai)(zai)不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)槽(cao)內采用(yong)多種不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)進行超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。另外,還可(ke)(ke)以(yi)使(shi)用(yong)其(qi)(qi)他(ta)的(de)(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)方(fang)法(fa),例如(ru)加熱(re)浸(jin)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)等(deng)。對(dui)(dui)含(han)有特厚油脂的(de)(de)(de)零(ling)件(jian),一(yi)般先用(yong)熱(re)浸(jin)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)或高溫噴洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),再用(yong)超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。對(dui)(dui)某些零(ling)件(jian)形狀(zhuang)過于復雜,如(ru)孔、孔角(jiao)不一(yi)致等(deng),可(ke)(ke)采用(yong)一(yi)次(ci)多次(ci)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),即在(zai)(zai)不同(tong)超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)頻率下清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。
清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)超聲(sheng)振(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)頻(pin)率對超聲(sheng)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果有很(hen)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang),這是因為(wei)它對空(kong)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)很(hen)大。通常用(yong)(yong)在20kHz左右。約(yue)20kHz時(shi)容易產(chan)生(sheng)氣(qi)穴,清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果明顯。但是對表面要求高、孔徑或縫隙小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)品,宜使用(yong)(yong)短(duan)波(bo)、能量集中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高頻(pin)超聲(sheng)波(bo)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi),有時(shi)頻(pin)率可達800KHz。但高頻(pin)超聲(sheng)振(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)在清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液中(zhong)(zhong)衰減大,作用(yong)(yong)距離短(duan),空(kong)化強度小(xiao),清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率低(di)。另外,由于高頻(pin)指向(xiang)性引起的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“陰影”區域,部分(fen)部件不能清(qing)(qing)潔。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)無頻(pin)率跟蹤(zong)超聲(sheng)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)時(shi),需要對發生(sheng)器(qi)頻(pin)率進行調節,使其輸出(chu)信號的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)頻(pin)率與(yu)傳感(gan)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)固有振(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)頻(pin)率一致。這時(shi),空(kong)泡效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應最強。清(qing)(qing)潔液中(zhong)(zhong)可見(jian)大量積(ji)聚的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)白色(se)物質。手指頭像一根針一樣。
高(gao)功率密(mi)(mi)度(du)的超聲清洗(xi)是提高(gao)超聲清洗(xi)效率的有效途徑(jing)。然而,功率密(mi)(mi)度(du)過(guo)高(gao)會由于氣(qi)蝕(shi)(shi)過(guo)強而對(dui)(dui)工件(jian)(jian)表面造成(cheng)侵蝕(shi)(shi)(即氣(qi)蝕(shi)(shi)腐蝕(shi)(shi)),對(dui)(dui)工件(jian)(jian)造成(cheng)損害,尤其(qi)是對(dui)(dui)于有各(ge)種涂層的工件(jian)(jian)或(huo)鋁及鋁合(he)金工件(jian)(jian)。能(neng)量密(mi)(mi)度(du)過(guo)大也(ye)不會產生飽和效應。對(dui)(dui)油污嚴重(zhong)、形(xing)狀復(fu)雜、深孔盲孔的零(ling)件(jian)(jian),清洗(xi)槽(cao)要深、清洗(xi)液粘度(du)大、功率密(mi)(mi)度(du)大。高(gao)頻率超聲清洗(xi)功率密(mi)(mi)度(du)也(ye)很大。能(neng)量密(mi)(mi)度(du)可在用水或(huo)酒(jiu)精清洗(xi)或(huo)漂洗(xi)時降低。
由于清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)的(de)(de)(de)空化程度(du)(du)與(yu)溫(wen)度(du)(du)有(you)關,溫(wen)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)升高(gao)有(you)利于汽(qi)蝕,但蒸氣壓力也相應增大。溫(wen)度(du)(du)過高(gao)會使(shi)氣穴(xue)減少。所(suo)以必須保持(chi)一定的(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)度(du)(du)范圍。例如水溶劑清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)一般在45℃左右,三(san)氯乙烯清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)約75℃,水約60℃。對揮發性和易燃的(de)(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye),溫(wen)度(du)(du)不宜過高(gao)。
超(chao)聲清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)效果和質量(liang)取決于超(chao)聲清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)。對于清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)質量(liang)的(de)要求,時(shi)間(jian)(jian)過短。但是,零(ling)件(jian)(jian)表(biao)面氣蝕腐(fu)蝕嚴重,從而影響零(ling)件(jian)(jian)的(de)質量(liang),延(yan)長使用壽(shou)命,不(bu)僅降低生(sheng)產效率。油污染嚴重,形狀復雜的(de)零(ling)件(jian)(jian),清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)要長。不(bu)同涂層的(de)鋁(lv)及鋁(lv)合金零(ling)件(jian)(jian)的(de)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)不(bu)宜(yi)過長。一(yi)般說來(lai),表(biao)面光潔度高的(de)零(ling)件(jian)(jian)的(de)油污較少,清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)不(bu)宜(yi)過長。特定(ding)的(de)清(qing)潔時(shi)間(jian)(jian)要通過實驗確(que)定(ding)。
為(wei)改善清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)效果,并確保(bao)超聲(sheng)波清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)裝置的(de)(de)正常使用(yong),部(bu)件(jian)(jian)在(zai)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)槽中的(de)(de)位(wei)置應引起(qi)重(zhong)視。開始,要避免(mian)在(zai)超聲(sheng)振動(dong)輻射面直接(jie)擠壓(ya)零(ling)件(jian)(jian),使輻射面無法產生預期(qi)的(de)(de)振動(dong),導致清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)裝置無法正常工(gong)作。對(dui)(dui)較重(zhong)的(de)(de)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)尤其重(zhong)要。部(bu)件(jian)(jian)由專用(yong)工(gong)具吊(diao)在(zai)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)槽內,并盡可(ke)能接(jie)近表面。第(di)二,關鍵的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)部(bu)位(wei)必(bi)須對(dui)(dui)準超聲(sheng)波源。三是(shi)要考慮清(qing)(qing)(qing)潔后污物能夠順利排放。第(di)四,使清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液在(zai)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)槽內的(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)流。使用(yong)循環連(lian)續補(bu)充清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液的(de)(de)方法時,進液速度不宜過快,否(fou)則(ze)由于補(bu)充的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液中氣體較多,氣穴就(jiu)會減(jian)弱。
在盲(mang)孔(kong)(kong)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)時,應先(xian)在盲(mang)孔(kong)(kong)內(nei)(nei)注入清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液,然(ran)后將盲(mang)孔(kong)(kong)對準超聲源。清(qing)潔時,要始終(zhong)將清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液注入孔(kong)(kong)內(nei)(nei),以達到顯著的效果。
超音波(bo)清洗槽應避免撞擊及快速冷(leng)卻(que)加熱,以免損壞(huai)與傳感器(qi)的連(lian)接(jie)。對某(mou)些零件(jian)進行(xing)超聲(sheng)清洗時,應進行(xing)消磁(ci)處理,否則殘余鐵(tie)屑不易清除。
超聲清洗質(zhi)量檢查(cha)主要是(shi)檢查(cha)被(bei)清潔零件(jian)表面的污垢殘留。
廣東固特超(chao)聲股份有限(xian)公司現已成(cheng)為集超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波應用(yong)技術研(yan)究、超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波清(qing)(qing)洗機(ji)設備研(yan)發(fa)(fa)、生產(chan)、銷售和(he)技術服(fu)(fu)務于一(yi)體的(de)國家(jia)高新技術企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。公(gong)司在超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)占(zhan)有一(yi)定的(de)地位,作為業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)界公(gong)認的(de)超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波清(qing)(qing)洗技術解決方(fang)案(an)專家(jia),固(gu)特超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)于2015年率先在新三(san)板(ban)掛牌上(shang)市。是(shi)擁(yong)有專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)研(yan)發(fa)(fa)團隊的(de)超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波清(qing)(qing)洗機(ji)廠(chang)家(jia),率先提出健康家(jia)用(yong)超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波清(qing)(qing)洗機(ji)品類并開(kai)發(fa)(fa)了(le)百(bai)款產(chan)品,是(shi)商用(yong)超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波清(qing)(qing)洗機(ji)、工業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波清(qing)(qing)洗機(ji)、超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)環保設備尤其是(shi)超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)除垢設備領(ling)域(yu)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)翹楚,擅長(chang)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)資本和(he)金融(rong)資本的(de)對接,致(zhi)力于成(cheng)為超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)清(qing)(qing)洗綜合(he)服(fu)(fu)務領(ling)軍企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。